Salah

Sharts of Prayers

Acts that should be fulfilled prior to the prayer.

1. Being a Muslim.
2. Thamyees - attended the maturity of understanding the good and bad.
3. Should be aware of fard prayers as compulsory prayers.
4. Should be able to differentiate fard and sunnah.
5. Should have knowledge on performing the prayer.
6. The body, clothing and the place of prayer should be free from Najees.
7. Should be free from the state of impurities.
8. Covering the awrath.
9. Should be aware of the right time for prayers.
10. Should be facing the Qibla.

Fards of Prayer

Fard acts which are obligatory and should be done during prayer.

1. Niyyath- intention
2. Saying the first Thakbeer- Thakbeerathul Ihram.
3. Standing- Qiyam.
4. Reciting Surathul Fathiha.
5. Performing Ruku- bending position should be maintained and both the palms should be placed on the knees.
6. Remaining in Ruku.
7. I’thidhal- standing straight after Ruku.
8. Remaining in I’thidhal.
9. Performing first Sujud- the position in which the forehead, both palms, both knees, and inner toes are placed together on the floor is called sujud.
10. Remaining in the first sujud.
11. Sitting after sujud.
12. Remaining in sitting position.
13. Performing second sujud.
14. Remaining in second Sujud.
15. Sitting at the end of the prayer to recite Athahiyath.
16. Reciting Athahiyath.
17. Reciting salawath on Muhammed (Sal).
18. Saying the first Salam.
19. Performing the 18 fards mentioned above accordingly.

*Sujud should be done twice in a Rak’ath.

Mubthilath of Prayers

Acts that nullify the prayer.

1. Invalidation of Wudhu.
2. Getting into an indecisive condition whether to continue or terminate the prayer.
3. Talking
4. Acts such as laughing, crying and groaning.
5. Doing things that do not have a connection with the prayer.
6. Adding an action related to fard.
7. Leaving a shart of prayer.
8. Leaving a fard of prayer.
9. Doing an act that nullifies prayer (e.g.; eating or drinking).

Types of prayers and method of performing

There are two types of prayer,

• Fard Prayer: Must be performed compulsorily.
• Sunnath Prayers: Not obligatory prayers but rewarded with merits for performing them.

Fard prayers can be categorized into two,

1. Fard Ayn: Obligatory upon every Muslim.
2. Fard Kifaya: Although it is not obligatory on every Muslims, if one person performs it, he gets the merit and other members are relieved from the duty but if no one performs all the members in the society will be punished. Example; Janaza prayer.

There are two types of sunnah prayer,

1. Sunnah Muakkadha – These prayers are not fard but given prominence next to fard prayers by our holy prophet Muhammed (sal). Example; Withr, Thahajjud, festival prayers.
2. Sunnah Ghair- Muakkadha- This refers to prayer on which prophet Muhammad (sal) was not regular. Example; Thahiyyathul masjid, prayer following ablution.

Sunnath prayers performed in congregation:-

• Festival (Eid) prayer.
• Prayer during solar and lunar eclipse (Salathul Kusufain).
• Prayer for rain.
• Tharaweeh.
• Withr prayer during the month of Ramadhan.

Sunnath prayer performed individually:-

• Sunnath prayer prayed before and after five time obligatory prayers.
• Luha prayers.
• Withr.
• Thahajjuth.
• Ishthikara.
• Thasbeeh.
• Two Rakaths before wearing Ihram for Hajj or Umrah.
• Prayer after completing Tawaf.
• Prayer After performing Wudhu

Prepared by: Miss. Aqeela